1. INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients 10 years of age and older with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
It is not indicated for use in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.
2. DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
The dosage of metformin is individualized based on the patient's response to therapy, while not exceeding the maximum recommended daily dose.
It is usually taken with meals to help reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
3. CONTRAINDICATIONS
Metformin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment, metabolic acidosis, or hypersensitivity to metformin.
4. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
Lactic Acidosis: Warn patients about the risk of lactic acidosis, a rare but serious complication that can occur due to metformin accumulation during treatment.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency: Long-term metformin use has been associated with a decrease in vitamin B12 absorption, which could result in a deficiency.
5. ADVERSE REACTIONS
Common side effects include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, flatulence, asthenia, indigestion, abdominal discomfort, and headache.
6. DRUG INTERACTIONS
Inform your healthcare provider of all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, as they may interact with metformin.
7. USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
Pregnancy: There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of metformin use in pregnant women. It is essential to consult a healthcare provider before using metformin during pregnancy.
Lactation: It is not known whether metformin is excreted in human milk. Use caution when administering metformin to a nursing woman.
8. OVERDOSAGE
In case of an overdose, contact a poison control center or seek medical assistance immediately.
This medication guide does not include all the information needed to use metformin safely and effectively. For more comprehensive details, please consult your healthcare provider or pharmacist. Be sure to read the full prescribing information for metformin.